Importing a right-hand drive (RHD) car into the United States can be an exciting venture, whether for personal use, collection, or business purposes. However, the process involves strict regulations, paperwork, and compliance with U.S. safety and emissions standards. This guide covers the key steps, legal requirements, and tips for successfully importing an RHD vehicle into the USA.
1. Understanding U.S. Import Laws for RHD Cars
The U.S. has strict regulations on vehicle imports, governed primarily by:
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) – Ensures the vehicle meets emissions standards.
The Department of Transportation (DOT) – Verifies compliance with U.S. safety standards.
Customs and Border Protection (CBP) – Handles the actual import process and duties.
Is Your RHD Car Eligible for Import?
25-Year Rule: The easiest way to import an RHD car is if it’s at least 25 years old (based on the manufacturing date). Such vehicles are exempt from EPA and DOT compliance.
Under 25 Years Old: If newer, the car must meet U.S. safety and emissions standards, which often requires costly modifications. Some exceptions exist for vehicles with low production numbers (e.g., under 500 per year).
2. Steps to Import an RHD Car into the USA
Step 1: Research & Choose a Vehicle
Popular RHD imports include:
Japanese models / JDM (Nissan Skyline, Toyota Supra, Subaru WRX)
British classics / UKDM (Land Rover Defender, Mini Cooper)
Australian muscle cars / AUDM (Holden Commodore, Ford Falcon)
Verify the vehicle’s age, condition, and compliance status before purchasing.
Step 2: Check EPA & DOT Compliance
EPA Form 3520-1: Required for emissions compliance (unless exempt under the 25-year rule).
DOT HS-7 Form: Declares whether the vehicle meets U.S. safety standards.
Modifications: If the car doesn’t comply, you may need to hire a Registered Importer (RI) to modify it.
Step 3: Arrange Shipping & Customs Clearance
Shipping Methods:
Roll-on/Roll-off (RoRo): Cheaper for drivable cars.
Container Shipping: More secure but costlier.
Customs Documents Needed:
Bill of Lading
Original title & purchase invoice
EPA & DOT forms
ISF (Importer Security Filing) if shipping by sea
Step 4: Pay Import Duties & Taxes
Duty Rates: Typically 2.5% for cars, but can vary (e.g., trucks may be 25%).
State Taxes: Some states require additional fees upon registration.
Step 5: Pass U.S. Customs & Get the Car Released
Customs will inspect the vehicle and verify paperwork.
If everything is in order, the car will be released for pickup.
Step 6: Register & Title the Vehicle
Each state has different requirements, but generally, you’ll need:
Customs release forms
EPA/DOT compliance documents (if applicable)
Proof of insurance
Odometer disclosure statement
3. Challenges & Considerations
Insurance: Some insurers may charge higher premiums for RHD cars.
Maintenance & Parts: RHD vehicles may require specialized mechanics or imported JDM parts.
Resale Value: While some RHD cars (like JDM models) are highly sought after, others may be harder to sell.
4. Alternative: Temporary Import for Show or Racing
If you don’t plan to keep the car permanently, you may import it temporarily under a Carnet de Passage (for shows, races, or exhibitions) without full compliance requirements.
Final Thoughts
Importing an RHD car into the U.S. is possible but requires careful planning. The 25-year rule makes it easiest, while newer models face stricter regulations. Working with a registered importer or customs broker can simplify the process.
